Marburg hemorrhagic fever fact sheet pa department of health. Resources marburg hemorrhagic fever marburg hf cdc. Imported case of marburg hemorrhagic fevercolorado, 2008. Marburg hf is caused by marburg virus, a genetically unique zoonotic or, animalborne rna virus of the filovirus family. Marburg virus disease was initially detected in 1967 after simultaneous outbreaks in marburg and frankfurt in germany.
Epidemiology human outbreaks occur sporadically in regions of central africa. Marburg hemorrhagic fever starts as a nonspecific febrile illness but rapidly progresses to include hemorrhagic complications and, in the most severe cases, a septic shocklike syndrome. Marburg hemorrhagic fever mhf is a rare, viral hemorrhagic fever vhf. West nile virus see arboviral neuroinvasive and nonneuroinvasive class b. Marburg hemorrhagic fever fact sheet last updated may 5, 2010 what is marburg hemorrhagic fever.
The first cases of filovirus haemorrhagic fever were reported in 1967 in germany and the former yugoslavia, and the causative agent was identified as marburg virus. Forty years of marburg virus the journal of infectious. Marburg hemorrhagic fever and ebola hemorrhagic fever are severe and often fatal diseases characterized by fever, headache, malaise, myalgia, coagulation disorders, and multiorgan failure. Viral hemorrhagic fevers fact sheet centers for disease. Marburg virus was first recognized in 1967, when outbreaks of hemorrhagic fever occurred simultaneously in laboratories in marburg and frankfurt, germany and in belgrade, yugoslavia now serbia. Marburg hemorrhagic fever starts as a nonspecific febrile illness but rapidly progresses to include hemorrhagic complications and, in the most severe cases, a. In summary, primary cases were found among gold miners, and secondary cases were found among family members. Several families of enveloped rna viruses cause viral hemorrhagic fevers vhfs. In africa, viral haemorrhagic fevers vhfs include lassa fever, rift valley fever, marburg and ebola haemorrhagic fevers, crimeancongo haemorrhagic fever cchf and yellow fever. Bleeding manifestations occur in variable proportions of patients eg, in about 30% of patients with ebola or marburg hemorrhagic fever and in only about 1% of patients with rift valley fever.
Questionnaires were administered and serum samples tested for marburg specific antibodies by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. Marburg hemorrhagic fever an overview sciencedirect topics. Vhfs are caused by filoviruses, arenaviruses, bunyaviruses, and flaviviruses and include diseases such as ebola, marburg, lassa, crimean congo, and rift valley fever. More than 30 years after the discovery of marburg virus as the causative agent of an outbreak of severe viral hemorrhagic fever in germany and the former yugoslavia in 1967, the longforgotten path. The signs and symptoms of marburg hemorrhagic fever strike suddenly 5 to 10 days after infection with the virus and usually include fever, chills, headache, and myalgia muscle aches. Symptoms include fever, headache, joint and muscle aches, sore throat, and weakness, followed by diarrhea, vomiting, and stomach pain. Mar 07, 2018 marburg hemorrhagic fever or marburg virus is a rare, severe type of hemorrhagic fever which impacts both humans and nonhuman primates. Risk factors for marburg hemorrhagic fever, democratic. It can also occur indirectly, through contact with objects contaminated with infected body fluids. Report of a case studied by immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. Marburg hemorrhagic fever fact sheet what is marburg hemorrhagic fever. The overall burden of ehf and mhf is small in comparison to the more common protozoan, helminth, and bacterial diseases typically referred to as neglected tropical diseases ntds. A maculopapular rash may be noted early in the clinical course in some forms of vhf notably in ebola and marburg hemorrhagic fevers. Humans initially contract an infection with a haemorrhagic fever virus through exposure to rodents or insects for ebola and marburg vhfs, the natural reservoir is.
Questionnaires were administered and serum samples tested for. Marburg hemorrhagic fever outbreak occurred in germany and yugoslavia in 1967, among laboratory workers who had been exposed to tissues from imported african green vervet monkeys cercopithecus aethiops. Risk factors include exposure to african green monkeys and certain bats. Mvd is a viral hemorrhagic fever vhf, and the clinical symptoms are indistinguishable from ebola virus disease evd. Marburg hemorrhagic fever mhf was first described in 1967 in an outbreak in germany and the former yugoslavia that was linked to contact with monkeys imported from uganda. We strongly recommend that you talk with a trusted healthcare. Recent evidence suggests that bats may play a role as a reservoir host. Ebola and marburg hemorrhagic fevers are severe, oftenfatal diseases in humans and nonhuman primates monkeys, gorillas, and chimpanzees. Caused by a genetically unique zoonotic that is, animalborne rna virus of the filovirus family, its recognition led. Marburg hemorrhagic fever marburg hf is a rare, severe type of hemorrhagic fever which affects both humans and nonhuman. Centers for disease control and prevention, national center for emerging and zoonotic infectious diseases ncezid, division of highconsequence pathogens and pathology dhcpp, viral special pathogens branch vspb. Marburg hemorrhagic fever marburg hf is a rare, severe type of hemorrhagic fever which affects both humans and nonhuman primates. Marburg virus marv causes marburg virus disease in humans and nonhuman primates, a form of viral hemorrhagic fever.
Ebola virus and marburg virus ebov and marv, respectively of the family filoviridae cause hemorrhagic fever with high mortality rates, sometimes reaching 50 to 90% of infected individuals, in humans and nonhuman primates 10, 16, 47. Fifteen 2% of 912 participants in a general village crosssectional antibody survey. Jun, 2018 the signs and symptoms of marburg hemorrhagic fever strike suddenly 5 to 10 days after infection with the virus and usually include fever, chills, headache, and myalgia muscle aches. Current and historical conditions indexed list of current and historical nationally notifiable conditions. Dec 09, 2019 marburg hemorrhagic fever two mysterious outbreaks that occurred in europe in the 60s were traced back to laboratory workers who handled african monkeys that had been imported from uganda. Clinical aspects of marburg hemorrhagic fever medscape. Nausea, vomiting, and chest or abdominal pain may also occur. Ebola, marburg, lassa and crimeancongo hemorrhagic fever viruses are examples. Reston ebolavirus occurs in the philippines, and has also been reported in prrs virusinfected pigs from a 2008 outbreak in china. Marburg hemorrhagic fever about vhf information for workers and persons working and living abroad cdc webpage nationally notifiable condition and case definitions cdc. Marburg virus is a hemorrhagic fever virus of the filoviridae family of viruses and a member of the species marburg marburgvirus, genus marburgvirus. Cdc viral hemorrhagic fevers emergency preparedness. Pdf marburg virus belongs to the genus marburgvirus in the family filoviridae and causes a severe hemorrhagic fever, known as marburg hemorrhagic. Caused by a genetically unique zoonotic that is, animalborne rna virus of the filovirus family, its recognition led to the creation of this virus family.
West nile virus health alert 2012 western equine encephalitis virus disease see arboviral neruoinvasive and nonneuroinvasive fact sheet. Marburg virus was first recognized in 1967, when outbreaks of hemorrhagic fever occurred simultaneously in laboratories in marburg and frankfurt, germany and. Viral hemorrhagic fevers ebola and marburg the center for. This is especially true if only a single case is involved.
Marburg virus disease is caused by viruses that produce symptoms of fever, chills, headaches and muscle aches early in the disease. We conducted two antibody surveys to assess risk factors for marburg hemorrhagic fever in an area of confirmed marburg virus transmission in the democratic republic of the congo. On july 10, 2008, marburg hemorrhagic fever was confirmed in a dutch patient. Click on the link to view a sample search on this topic. Ebola virus and marburg virus ebov and marv, respectively of the family filoviridae cause hemorrhagic fever with high mortality rates, sometimes reaching 50 to 90% of infected individuals, in humans and nonhuman primates 101, 162, 473. Marburg virus disease presents as an acute febrile illness and can progress within 68 days to severe hemorrhagic manifestations. Marburg virus marv is the causative agent of hemorrhagic fever outbreaks with high case fatality rates.
Prevention marburg hemorrhagic fever marburg hf cdc. The five species of ebola virus are the only other known members of the filovirus family. Pubmed is a searchable database of medical literature and lists journal articles that discuss marburg hemorrhagic fever. Ebola and marburg hemorrhagic fever as ntds currently there is no standardized definition of an ntd 51,52, and various groups have applied differing standards in the classification of ntds. Diagnosis marburg hemorrhagic fever marburg hf cdc. Measures for prevention of secondary, or persontoperson, transmission are similar to those used for other hemorrhagic fevers. Clinical aspects of marburg hemorrhagic fever ncbi nih. Marburg virus is the causative agent of marburg virus disease mvd, a disease with a case fatality ratio of up to 88%. Pdf clinical aspects of marburg hemorrhagic fever researchgate. Isolated case of marburg virus disease, kampala, uganda, 2014. Viral hemorrhagic fevers chapter 4 2020 yellow book.
After an incubation period of 510 days, onset of the disease is sudden and is marked by fever, chills, headache, and myalgia. A detailed description of the marburg hemorrhagic fever outbreaks in the durba area has been published elsewhere 1. Marburg hemorrhagic fever the forgotten cousin strikes. Marburg hemorrhagic fever is a rare, severe type of hemorrhagic fever which affects both humans and nonhuman primates. Marburg virus belongs to the genus marburgvirus in the family filoviridae and causes a severe hemorrhagic fever, known as marburg hemorrhagic fever mhf. Marburg virus is a member of the virus family filoviridae, along with ebola virus. If a patient is either suspected or confirmed to have marburg hemorrhagic fever, barrier nursing techniques should be used to prevent direct physical contact with the patient.
Although outbreaks are sporadic, there is the potential for filoviruses to spread to other. Marburg haemorrhagic fever was initially detected in 1967 after simultaneous outbreaks in marburg, from which the disease takes its name, and frankfurt in germany. It was first recognized in 1967, when outbreaks of a then unknown hemorrhagic fever occurred in laboratories in marburg and frankfurt, germany and in belgrade, yugoslavia. Imported case of marburg hemorrhagic fever colorado, 2008. Marburg hemorrhagic fever genetic and rare diseases. Mhf is a rare, severe type of hemorrhagic fever which affects both humans and nonhuman primates. Marburg hemorrhagic fever in durba and watsa, democratic. Ebov consists of four species, zaire ebov, sudan ebov, ivory coast ebov, and reston ebov, which were first isolated in the democratic republic of congo. Laboratory diagnostic systems for ebola and marburg. Forty years ago, in early august 1967, the first filovirus ever detected, marburg virus, made its appearance in europe, causing severe and often fatal hemorrhagic fever in laboratory workers in marburg and frankfurt and, about 4 weeks later, in belgrade. Over 25 different viruses cause viral hemorrhagic fever. Marburg virus genomics and association with a large hemorrhagic fever outbreak in angola. Marburg virus was first recognized in 1967, when outbreaks of hemorrhagic fever occurred simultaneously in laboratories in marburg and frankfurt, germany.
The causative agent of mhf is lake victoria marburgvirus marv, a filovirus similar to ebola virus. Closely related to ebola virus, marv is a filamentous virus with a negativesense, single. Symptoms include fever, headache, joint and muscle aches, sore throat, and weakness, followed by. Owing to largely sensationalist accounts of outbreaks, these diseases are widely recognized, despite the overall rarity of their occurrence.
Jun 26, 2012 ebola hemorrhagic fever ehf and marburg hemorrhagic fever mhf are rare viral diseases, endemic to central africa. Ebola and marburg viruses cause a severe viral hemorrhagic fever disease mainly in subsaharan africa. Caused by a genetically unique zoonotic that is, animalborne rna virus of the filovirus family, its. Marburg hemorrhagic fever medical definition merriam. Jul 10, 2008 jul 10, 2008 cidrap news european officials today reported a rare case of the oftendeadly marburg hemorrhagic fever on european soil, in a dutch woman who recently was exposed to bats while visiting caves in uganda. Questionnaires were administered and serum samples tested for marburgspecific antibodies by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. Response to imported case of marburg hemorrhagic fever, the. Viral hemorrhagic fevers vhfs are a group of febrile illnesses caused by rna viruses from several viral families. The marburg virus causes severe viral haemorrhagic fever in humans. These highly infectious viruses lead to a potentially lethal disease syndrome characterized by fever, malaise, vomiting, mucosal and gastrointestinal gi. Viral hemorrhagic fevers vhfs include numerous zoonotic diseases caused by different viruses, all of which cause a hemorrhagic syndrome in humans.
Ebola virus is regarded as the prototype pathogen of viral haemorrhagic fever, causing severe disease and high casefatality rates. Marburg hemorrhagic fever two mysterious outbreaks that occurred in europe in the 60s were traced back to laboratory workers who handled african monkeys that. However, if a person has the early symptoms of marburg hf. Disease onset is sudden, with fever, chills, headache, and myalgia. Marburg hemorrhagic fever associated with multiple genetic. Thirtyone people became ill, initially laboratory workers followed by several medical personnel and family members who had cared for them. Ebola hemorrhagic fever an overview sciencedirect topics. Triggered by a genetically special zoonotic that is, animalborne rna virus of the filovirus family, its recognition led to the development of this virus family. Marburg virus is the causative agent of marburg haemorrhagic fever mhf, a disease with a case fatality ratio of up to 88%. Jul 10, 2008 cidrap news european officials today reported a rare case of the oftendeadly marburg hemorrhagic fever on european soil, in a dutch woman who recently was exposed to bats while visiting caves in uganda.
Infected humans can spread the virus to each other through contact with contaminated objects or blood. Marburg hemorrhagic fever view pdf 2kb what is marburg hemorrhagic fever. Filoviruses include the ebola viruses, which cause ebola virus disease evd, and marburg virus, which causes marburg virus disease mvd. Marburg hemorrhagic fever crimeancongo hemorrhagic fever. Marburg hemorrhagic fever definition of marburg hemorrhagic.
Many of the signs and symptoms of marburg hemorrhagic fever are similar to those of other more frequent infectious diseases, such as malaria or typhoid fever, making diagnosis of the disease difficult. These emerging viral hemorrhagic fevers are presumed to be animal borne zoonotic and can be transmitted to humans through contact. Ebola hemorrhagic fever ehf and marburg hemorrhagic fever mhf are two similar clinical diseases caused by viruses of the genera ebolavirus ebov and marburgvirus marv, respectively, both of the family filoviridae. Marburg haemorrhagic fever who regional office for africa. Marburg hemorrhagic fever fact sheet last updated april 23, 2012 what is marburg hemorrhagic fever.
This type of secondary transmission of the virus can occur directly, through close contact with infected people or their body fluids. Numerous strains have been identified, putatively with different degrees of lethality. Marburg hemorrhagic fever marburg hf is a rare but severe hemorrhagic fever which affects both humans and nonhuman primates. Viral hemorrhagic fevers lassa, marburg, ebola, crimean. Ebola hemorrhagic fever, outbreak postings filoviridae.
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